containing Myc decoy oligodeoxynucleotides along with X-irradiation exposure as a combination therapy on LNCaP
prostate cancer cells. Myc decoy ODNs were designed based on the promoter of Bcl-2 gene and analyzed by
molecular docking and molecular dynamics assays. ODNs were loaded on the synthesized Se@BSA@Chi-MTX
nanostructure. The physicochemical characteristics of nanostructures were determined by FTIR, DLS, UV-vis, TEM,
EDX, in vitro release, and hemolysis tests. Subsequently, the cytotoxicity properties of them with and without
X-irradiation were investigated by uptake, MTT, cell cycle, apoptosis, and scratch assays on the LNCaP cell line. The
results of DLS and TEM showed negative charge (−9 mV) and nanometer size (40 nm) for Se@BSA@Chi-DEC-MTX
NPs, respectively. The results of FTIR, UV-vis, and EDX showed the proper interaction of different parts and the
correct synthesis of nanoparticles. The results of hemolysis showed the hemocompatibility of this nanoparticle in
concentrations less than 6 mg/mL. The ODNs release from the nanostructures showed a pH-dependent manner, and
the release rate was 15% higher in acidic pH. The targeted Se@BSA@Chi-labeled ODN-MTX NPs were efficiently
taken up by LNCaP cells by targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). The significant synergistic
effects of nanostructure (containing MTX drug) treatment along with X-irradiation showed cell growth inhibition,
apoptosis induction (~57%), cell cycle arrest (G2/M phase), and migration inhibition (up to 90%) compared to the
control. The results suggested that the Se@BSA@Chi-DEC-MTX NPs can potentially suppress the cell growth of
LNCaP cells. This nanostructure system can be a promising approach for targeted drug delivery and
chemoradiotherapy in prostate cancer treatment.